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Sinus Tarsi Syndrome is characterized by pain and discomfort in the sinus tarsi, a small cavity on the outer side of the ankle between the talus and calcaneus bones. This space contains ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels. Sinus tarsi syndrome occurs when the tissue in the sinus tarsi becomes irritated. This irritation leads to swelling, which increases pressure in the confined space and results in pain.
Causes of Sinus Tarsi Syndrome
Sinus tarsi syndrome can arise from several factors:
Injury or Trauma: Acute injuries like ankle sprains or fractures can inflame the sinus tarsi.
Overuse: Repeated stress from activities such as running or jumping can strain the area.
Foot Structure Abnormalities: Conditions like flat feet or high arches can affect the ankle biomechanics.
Chronic Ankle Instability: Persistent instability from past sprains or inadequate rehab can irritate the sinus tarsi.
Arthritis: Osteoarthritis or inflammatory arthritis can affect the sinus tarsi.
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Signs and Symptoms of Sinus Tarsi Syndrome
Persistent pain along the front and outer side of the ankle
Tenderness when touching or applying pressure directly over the sinus tarsi
Pain during foot inversion (turning inward) or eversion (turning outward)
A feeling of instability in the foot or ankle while bearing weight
Difficulty walking on uneven surfaces such as grass or gravel
Swelling or bruising around the sinus tarsi area
Treatment and Management of Sinus Tarsi Syndrome
Rest and Ice: Reducing activity and applying ice can help with pain and swelling.
Rehabilitation Exercise: Exercises to strengthen, stretch, and improve ankle mobility.
Footwear Change: Wearing supportive shoes to reduce strain on the ankle.
Custom Foot Orthotics: Custom insoles to correct structural issues and provide support.
Shockwave Therapy: Reduces inflammation and pain.
Injection or Surgery: Considered if other treatments are ineffective.
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