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Hypermobility in children, often called being "double-jointed," is a condition where joints move beyond their normal range of motion. While many children with hypermobility have no major issues, some may experience discomfort or difficulty with movement.
This condition occurs when connective tissues like ligaments and tendons are more elastic than usual, allowing joints to extend further than normal. Hypermobility is relatively common in children and often improves with age. However, in some cases, it can be linked to conditions such as Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) or Marfan Syndrome, which may require medical evaluation.
Causes and Risk Factors of Hypermobility
Several factors can contribute to the development of hypermobility:
Genetics: A family history of hypermobility or related conditions can increase the likelihood of its occurrence.
Connective Tissue Disorders: Disorders like EDS that affect collagen, a key component of connective tissue, can lead to hypermobility.
Age: Younger children tend to have more flexible joints due to their developing connective tissues.
Gender: Girls are more likely to exhibit hypermobility compared to boys.
Physical Activities: Activities like gymnastics, dance, or yoga that emphasize flexibility may highlight or enhance joint mobility.
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Signs and Symptoms of Hypermobility
Hypermobility can manifest in various ways, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe:
Joint Discomfort: Joints may feel achy or sore, especially after physical activity.
Frequent Injuries: There may be a higher likelihood of sprains, dislocations, or other joint injuries.
Fatigue: Muscles surrounding hypermobile joints often work harder to provide stability, leading to tiredness.
Flat Feet: This is a common trait in children with hypermobility.
Clumsiness or Poor Coordination: Challenges with balance or motor skills may be noticeable.
Elastic Skin: In some cases, the skin may appear unusually soft or stretchy.
Treatment and Management of Hypermobility
While hypermobility is not always problematic, recognizing its causes, symptoms, and management options is key to ensuring children with hypermobility lead active and comfortable lives. Strategies for treatment and care include:
Activity Modification: Depending on the severity, encouraging low-impact exercises like swimming and avoiding activities that strain the joints.
Physical Therapy: Strengthening the muscles around the joints can improve stability and reduce discomfort.
Footwear: Ensuring that footwear is well-fitted and supportive helps stabilize the feet and prevent excessive movement.
Customised Insoles: Orthotic devices can provide additional support for affected joints.
For cases where hypermobility is part of a broader syndrome, specialized medical care and regular monitoring may be necessary.
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