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Sever's disease, also known as calcaneal apophysitis, is a common cause of heel pain in growing children, particularly those between the ages of 8 and 14. It occurs when the growth plate in the heel (the calcaneus) becomes inflamed due to repetitive stress or overuse, typically from physical activities such as running or jumping.
Causes and Risk Factors of Sever's Disease
Causes and Risk Factors of Sever's Disease
Overuse: Repetitive activities like running or jumping may increase stress on the heel's growth plate.
Growth Spurts: During periods of rapid growth, the bones in the feet grow faster than the surrounding muscles and tendons, which can increase tension on the heel.
Tight Achilles Tendon: A tight Achilles tendon increases strain to the growth plate.
Improper Footwear: Shoes with poor cushioning or support can increase pressure on the heel.
Flat Feet or High Arches: Abnormal foot mechanics can place extra stress on the heel.
Active Children: Children who engage in high-impact sports or activities are at greater risk.
Boys: Boys are more commonly affected, particularly those between the ages of 8 and 14.
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Signs and Symptoms of Sever's Disease
Heel Pain: Pain at the back or bottom of the heel, often worsened by activity or pressure.
Swelling: Mild swelling may be present around the heel.
Pain with Increased Activity: Discomfort increases when the child walks, runs, or engages in weight-bearing activities.
Stiffness: Stiffness or discomfort in the heel, particularly after physical activity or in the morning.
Limping: A noticeable limp due to pain or discomfort in the heel.
Treatment and Management of Sever's Disease
Rest and Activity Modification: Reducing high-impact activities like running and jumping to allow for healing.
Stretching and Strengthening Exercises: Stretching the Achilles tendon and strengthening the lower leg muscles can help reduce stress on the heel.
Footwear: Wearing shoes with adequate support and cushioning to reduce pressure on the heel.
Customised Insoles: Orthotic devices help correct foot mechanics and reduce tension on the heel.
Shockwave Therapy: In severe cases, shockwave therapy may be used to relieve calf tension.
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